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Safety Terms Glossary
Accident
An undesired event that results in harm to people and/or damage to property,
process or the environment.
An unplanned, unwanted, and unexpected event which, because of an unsafe act or unsafe condition, results in property damage, injury, or death.
Accident Cause
The last occurrence in a sequence of events which directly contributed to or
produced an accident or incident.
Accident Costs
The monetary losses associated with an accident or incident. These costs
include direct and indirect costs.
Accident Investigation
A detailed, defined, and recorded review of an occurrence, done to uncover and
record the factors and causes and their relationships which led up to and caused
an accident or incident.
Accident Prevention
The application of measures designed to reduce accidents or accident potential
within a system, organization or activity. An accident prevention program
is one which aims to avoid injury to personnel an/or damage to property.
Accident Records
Recorded information in the form of reports and records detailing what accidents
or incidents have occurred in a company or industry and what losses and injuries
resulted.
Accident Report
A document containing the information and facts about an individual accident or
incident, put in chronological order to province a complete picture as to what
happened. Also a tool to help establish the ROOT cause.
Approved
Where a procedure, practice, equipment, etc. is said to be "approved",
this means it complies with written company standards. Where no such standards
exist, the applicable legislation is considered to be standard.
OR
Complying with written XXXXXXXXX standards, or where no such standard exists,
complying with a recognized standard and applicable legislated standards.
Audit (Safety)
A management tool used to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of a
safety program and company operations which provides an accurate picture of the
safety and health of an organization.
Authorized
Given the authority to act in the referenced manner by the responsible
management.
Biological Hazard
A hazard that pertains to life organisms, including such things as viruses and
toxic materials that living things produce. Eg: animals and bacteria in drinking
water.
Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety
An organization in Hamilton, Ontario, which was created to be an information
center dedicated to occupational health and safety in Canada.
Chemical Hazard
A nonliving hazard that results from substances, including solids, liquids or
vapors, that could potentially interact. Some chemicals can damage the human
body if people inhale, ingest or absorb them. Eg: chemicals are lead, alcohol
and hydrocarbons.
Cold Work
Low-risk work in a nonrestricted area (outside a 50 meter radius of a live
surface facility). Eg: grading a road.
XXXXXXXXX Representative
The XXXXXXXXX Representative is a person at the worksite who represents
XXXXXXXXX or is held responsible and accountable for ensuring that the required
tasks are carried out as planned. (foreman, engineer, operator, etc,)
Company Rules
An internally developed set of standards regarding company policies and
requirements for safety and general conduct.
Company Worker or Person
This is a person whose knowledge, training and experience qualified him or her
to perform the work properly and safely.
OR
A person who is qualified because of his or her knowledge, training and
experience to perform the work properly and safety.
OR
***** see Qualified
Confined Space
A confined space is any space with restricted access or egress where (because of
the construction, locations, contents or nature of the work done inside)
hazardous, gases vapors, dusts, or fumes may accumulate, or where oxygen may be
deficient.
Consultant
A professional individual or firm hired by XXXXXXXXX solely to give professional
advice with respect to the planning of specified tasks.
Contractor
A company, partnership, or unincorporated proprietorship hired by XXXXXXXXX to perform a specified task or job or any companies, partner, or person working on or around XXXXXXXXX equipment. May be one person or many and include all contractors and sub-contractors of XXXXXXXXX.
Controlled Products
The term used in WHMIS to describe hazardous materials.
Could, Would, Should
Directive type of words that can be taken as a suggestion only. Use with
caution.
Critical Work
Any work that falls in the medium or higher risk area of the Risk Assessment
Matrix. Eg: work that might be considered critical work (and where a critical
safe-work agreement and full time safety watch is required) include:
: critical
lift in a non-restricted area
: tasks done
during major turnarounds that affect other workers
: maintenance
work in an area where toxic-gas amounts are likely to exceed occupational
exposure limits
: welding in
a hydrocarbon production facility
: confined
space entry
Dangerous Goods
The term used in TDG regulations to describe hazardous materials.
De-Energized
A condition where something:
: is free any
electrical connection to a source of potential difference and from electrical
charge
: does not
have a potential different from that of the earth
Note: De-Energized doesn't mean the same thing as disconnected, since the residual charge in such equipment as motors, cables, and capacitors, take to delay.
Direct Supervision
Where the supervising worker is present at the jobsite and fully cognizant
and in control of the activities of the less experienced workers.
Disaster
Any real or anticipated occurrence which endangers the lies, safety, welfare and
well-being of some or all of the people and cannot be brought under control by
the use of all regular Municipal Government services and resources.
Due Diligence
Due diligence is the level of judgment, care, prudence, determination, and
activity that a person would reasonably be expected to do under particular
circumstances.
Emergency
An abnormal situation, which to limit damage to persons, property or the
environment requires prompt action beyond normal procedures.
Emergency Planning
The act of putting together an overall plan and developing it for response to
emergency situations involving workers and equipment (eg: logical sequence of
events)
Employer
Means any person who employs one or more workers, or a person who is self
employed in an occupation.
Experience
Statistical data recording of a company's accidents or incidents over a specific
time period usually expressed in terms of frequency and severity.
Experience Rating
A process administered by the WCB usually based on a three year time period,
premiums paid and compensation rates.
Follow-Up
The term used to indicate an action (usually corrective action) that is supposed
to take place after some kind of occurrence and based on an accident or incident
report.
Guideline (Limited Definition)
A recommended method that may be modified to meet the intent of policies and
standards, Eg: deviations don't have to be documented or approved.
Hazard Control Audit (Assessment)
A safety audit done to measure the effectiveness of existing hazard controls and
document them in order to prioritize them and determine if they need updating,
revising, etc..
Hazard Recognition
The act of recognizing or becoming aware of a dangerous or hazardous situation
or condition.
Hot Work
Use of open flames, other heat sources and/or spark producing devices in areas
where combustible materials may be or do exist. Where there is potential for
explosion or fire.
OR
Medium-risk work in a restricted area (inside a 50 meter radius of a live
surface facility).
Eg.: painting, pipe fitting in satellites, or excavating in a restricted area.
Incident/Near Miss
An undesirable event which has the potential to cause a serious accident.
OR
An undesired event that, under different circumstance, could have resulted in
personal harm, and/or damages to property, process or the environment.
OR
A specific unplanned event or sequence of events that has an unwanted and
unintended consequence on the safety or health of people, property or the
environment, or on legal or regulatory compliance.
An unplanned event or sequence of events that does not have actual consequences but that could, under slightly different circumstances, have unwanted and unintended effects on people's health and safety, on property, on the environment or on legal or regulatory compliance.
Indirect Cause
A factor or occurrence which has taken place and contributes to an accident but
is not a direct cause.
Industrial Hygienist
An individual trained primarily in the sciences of health, through chemistry and
biology and applying these disciplines in an industrial setting.
Inspection
An systematic examination of a worksite or equipment which, in the process, is
compared against an established standard.
Label
Any mark, sign, device, stamp, seal, ticket, tag or wrapper which provides
information on the contents.
Lock Out
A positive method for disconnecting power or making something inoperative by
using a physical lock to eliminate movement or operation.
Lock Out Procedure
Written procedure dictating the manner in which the positive locking out of
equipment or machinery is to be done.
Loss Control
A system or program designed to minimize accidents and reduce financial losses.
Loss Prevention
A before-the-loss program designed to identify and correct potential causes of
accidents before they result in actual injuries or financial loss.
Man Hours
An industrial time unit relating to the number of hours worked per employee and
often multiplied by the number of employees to establish the amount of time
spent on a task or used in projections of costs.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
A bulletin detailing technical and hazard during the handling, storage and use,
protective measures for workers and emergency procedures.
Occupational Health and Safety Act
The Government department in Alberta that administers the Occupational
Health and Safety Act and Regulations made under that Act.
Operating Work Site
The specific location of a work activity where work is not limited to office
activities. Eg.: drilling sites, maintenance shops and laboratories.
Qualified
Recognition of an individual's ability to perform a function by means of
completion of the required training program, permit, license, or other accepted
authority.
Physical Hazard
A hazard that is neither biological nor chemical but that exists around us, or
because of the things we do. Eg.: weather and personal work habits.
PPM (Parts Per Million)
Parts Per Million, a term often used to describe the intensity of a contaminant
in an area. Often used in relation to H2S and other gases.
PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
Protective wearing apparel, when used properly, designed to reduce or eliminate
injuries to a worker.
Potential Incident
A condition (such as an unidentified hazard), or an event (such as a near miss),
or sequence of events that does not have actual consequences, but that could,
under slightly different circumstances, have unwanted consequences.
Regulations
A rule, ordinance, law or device, by which conduct or performance is controlled.
OR
A mandatory requirement imposed from outside the company that has legal
implications for noncompliance.
OR
An ordinance, a law, or a directive set by an outside agency such as government
for the control of people and their environment. Infractions are punishable by
fines and/or imprisonment.
OR
****see Standard below
Restricted Area
A location that's within 50 meters of a live surface facility that might release
hydrocarbons.
Risk
The possibility of injury, loss or environment incident created by a hazard. The
significance of the risk is determined by the probability of an unwanted
incident, and the severity of its consequences.
Risk Assessment Matrix
A tool (part of a Risk Assessment Framework) used to compare assessed
risk, based on the probability and consequences of a potential incident.
Safe Work Agreement
A tool that helps workers understand the specific work to be done and the
hazards they might encounter on the job. It's also an agreement on how hazards
will be managed, who'll manage them and what personal-protective equipment will
be required.
Safe Work Permit
The Safe Work Permit is issued as a written record by which XXXXXXXXX
person in charge of a unit, equipment, building area, authorizes a worker and/or
work crew to do a specific job at that work site. It identifies what precautions
(safe work practices) were taken and/or will be taken to ensure that the working
conditions are safe for the type of work to be performed, in a specific job
location, during a specific time interval. It outlines the safety equipment
required and to be used for that specific job location.
Safe Work Practices
Procedure for carrying out specific tasks, which, when followed, will ensure
that workers' exposure to hazardous situations, substances, and physical agents
is controlled by the manner in which the work is carried out.
OR
The procedures for performing specific tasks which when followed, protect
workers and others from illness or injury.
Safety Committee
A group comprised of employees which has been formed to address safety and
health issues at a worksite or multiple worksites.
Safety Inspection
The act of examining both worksites and equipment, and comparing them against
previously established standards specifically to determine if safety legislation
and the company safety policies are being followed (looking for unsafe acts and
conditions).
Senior Management
Personal in a company or organization who directly control the overall operation
of that entire group or specific parts of it and are in a position to make
decisions for the entire company or organization.
Shoring
A term used in construction meaning the act of using wood or metal components to
support and counteract imposed pressures either vertically or horizontally
(trenching or excavations).
Significant Potential Incident
An incident without actual consequences where the coordinates of probability and
potential consequence meet in the higher or medium risk area of the Risk
Assessment Matrix.
Site Supervisor
An employee or contractor assigned by the XXXXXXXXX to supervise a potential
job.
Spiral Ferrel
A re-usable device attached to the tail chain end of a winch line to prevent
the tail chain from sliding off of the winch cable.
Standard (Limited Definition)
An accepted specification of something to which sites or employees must conform
unless a deviation from the standard is documented and approved.
Note: Standards might apply to external industry standards and might include
individual responsibilities, Eg.: who will be held accountable for not meeting a
standard.
Subcontractor
Any person, firm or corporation, contracting with the contractor, to perform
part of the work and includes partners and associates in a joint venture so
contracting with the contractor.
Supervisor
A supervisor person of the contractor, at the site.
TDG -
Transportation of Dangerous Good. Regulations established to cover
transporting hazardous materials.
OR
A legislated program for information and training on the transportation of
dangerous goods.
Tag Out
A method of identifying and alerting persons to the fact that specific circuits
or equipment have been de-energized or put out of service and should not be
touched or have their positions changed.
Unsafe Act
The actions of a person in a manner which vary from the accepted or legislated
safe practice and create a hazard to either themselves, another person, or
equipment.
Unsafe Condition
A condition in which something exists that varies from a normal accepted safe
condition and, if not corrected, could cause injury, death, or property damage.
Visitor
Any person temporarily on the worksite who is not regularly involved in the
daily worksite activities. This includes, but is not limited to, delivery
personnel, invited guest, the general public, etc..
WHMIS - Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System. A system (sometimes called
right to know legislation), to protect workers from exposure to hazardous
material
OR
A legislated hazard communication system including: labels, Material Safety Data
Sheets, and a worker training program.
Will, Shall, Must
To be understood as a mandatory condition.
Work
The total construction and the performance of related services required by the
contract documents as signed between the contractor and XXXXXXXXX.
Worker
Means any person engaged in an occupation at the worksite.
Work Site
Means any location where a worker is engaged in any occupation and includes any
vehicles or mobile equipment used by the worker in an occupation.
OR
The entire area required for the performance of the work including right-of-way
and temporary working space, as designated by XXXXXXXXX.
Zero Energy
The state of a piece of equipment when all sources of energy (i.e., electrical,
mechanical, hydraulic, etc.) is isolated from the particular piece of equipment,
or effectively blocked and all sources of stored energy are depleted.
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